The “Cek Khodam” Phenomenon on Tiktok In Online Media Discourse: An Islamic Legal Perspective

Qudratullah Qudratullah; Putri Diesy Fitriani; Mizanurafi’ Ghifarhadi Prasiefa; Syamsinar Syamsinar; Mohammad Harith Amlus

doi:10.52496/mjhki.v3i2.66

Authors

Qudratullah Qudratullah Institut Agama Islam Negeri Bone, Indonesia Author
Putri Diesy Fitriani Sunan Gunung Djati State Islamic University Bandung Author
Mizanurafi’ Ghifarhadi Prasiefa Institut Teknologi Sepuluh November Surabaya, Indonesia Author
Syamsinar Syamsinar State University of Makassar Author
Mohammad Harith Amlus University of Malaysia, Perlis Translator

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.52496/mjhki.v3i2.66

Keywords:

Cek Khodam, Framing Analysis, Online Media Discourse, Islamic Legal Perspective, TikTok

Abstract

This study examines the “Cek Khodam” phenomenon on TikTok by analyzing its construction in online media discourse and its implications from an Islamic legal perspective. Existing studies on digital culture tend to emphasize virality and user engagement, while limited attention has been given to how mystical digital content is framed in the media and evaluated through Islamic jurisprudence, indicating a significant research gap. This research employs a qualitative approach using library research, with data drawn from online news articles published in Indonesian media during June–July 2024. The study applies Robert N. Entman’s framing model to explore how the phenomenon is defined, interpreted, and morally evaluated in digital narratives. The findings reveal that “Cek Khodam” is framed as both entertainment and controversy, reflecting the commodification of spiritual beliefs in digital culture. From an Islamic legal perspective, the phenomenon raises concerns related to gharar, deception, and unverifiable spiritual claims. These practices can be critically examined through sadd al-dharī‘ah and contradict the objectives of maqāṣid al-sharī‘ah, particularly in preserving intellect and faith. This study contributes by integrating media framing analysis with ushul fiqh, offering a novel framework for regulating digital religious content.

Author Biographies

Qudratullah Qudratullah, Institut Agama Islam Negeri Bone, Indonesia

Institut Agama Islam Negeri Bone, Indonesia
Putri Diesy Fitriani, Sunan Gunung Djati State Islamic University Bandung

Universitas Islam Negeri Sunan Gunung Djati Bandung, Indonesia
Mizanurafi’ Ghifarhadi Prasiefa, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh November Surabaya, Indonesia

Institut Teknologi Sepuluh November Surabaya, Indonesia
Syamsinar Syamsinar, State University of Makassar

Universitas Negeri Makassar, Indonesia
Mohammad Harith Amlus, University of Malaysia, Perlis

Universiti Malaysia Perlis, Malaysia

References

Abidin, Crystal. “Cultural Science Mapping Internet Celebrity on TikTok : Exploring Attention Economies and Visibility Labours.” Cultural Science Journal 12, no. 1 (2020): 77–103. https://doi.org/10.5334/csci.140.

Adzkia, Mufidah. “Fenomena Cek Khodam Di Medsos, Begini Kata Psikolog.” NU Online, June 28, 2024. https://nu.or.id/nasional/fenomena-cek-khodam-di-medsos-begini-kata-psikolog-sEAvK.

Auda, Jasser. Maqasid Al-Shariah as Philosophy of Islamic Law: A Systems Approach. London: International Institute of Islamic Thought (IIIT), 2015. https://iiit.org/wp-content/uploads/Maqasid-Al-Shariah-as-a-Philosophy-of-Islamic-Law-Combined.pdf.

Awi, Munawir. “MUI Akan Keluarkan Fatwa Soal Fenomena Cek Khodam Di Tiktok.” Inikata.Co.Id, June 30, 2024. https://inikata.co.id/2024/06/30/mui-akan-keluarkan-fatwa-soal-fenomena-cek-khodam-di-tiktok/.

Berger, Peter L., and Thomas Luckmann. The Social Construction of Reality: A Treatise in the Sociology of Knowledge. New York: Open Road Media, 2011.

Campbell, Heidi, and Giulia Evolvi. “Contextualizing Current Digital Religion Research on Emerging Technologies.” Human Behavior and Emerging Technologies 2, no. 1 (2019): 5–17. https://doi.org/10.1002/hbe2.149.

Castells, M. Networks of Outrage and Hope: Social Movements in the Internet Age. Polity Press, 2015. https://books.google.co.id/books?id=MzDOCQAAQBAJ.

———. The Rise of the Network Society. Information Age Series. Wiley, 2011. https://books.google.co.id/books?id=FihjywtjTdUC.

Creswell, J W, and C N Poth. Qualitative Inquiry and Research Design: Choosing Among Five Approaches. SAGE Publications, 2023. https://books.google.co.id/books?id=pwjMEAAAQBAJ.

Entman, Robert M. “Framing Bias: Media in the Distribution of Power.” Journal of Communication 57, no. 1 (2007): 163–73. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1460-2466.2006.00336.x.

———. “How the Media Affect What People Think: An Information Processing Approach.” The Journal of Politics 51, no. 2 (2025): 347–70. https://doi.org/10.2307/2131346.

Fitriani, Yuni. “Analisis Pemanfaatan Berbagai Media Sosial Sebagai Sarana Penyebaran Informasi Bagi Masyarakat.” Paradigma - Jurnal Komputer Dan Informatika 19, no. 2 (2017): 152.

Gillespie, Tarleton. Custodians of the Internet: Platforms, Content Moderation, and the Hidden Decisions That Shape Social Media. Yale University Press, 2019. https://doi.org/10.12987/9780300235029.

Guol, Agustinus. “Revitalisasi Budaya Di Era Digital Dan Eksplorasi Dampak Media Sosial Terhadap Dinamika Sosial-Budaya Di Tengah Masyarakat.” Jurnal Pendidikan Dan Kebudayaan (JURDIKBUD) 3, no. 3 (2023): 172–84. https://doi.org/10.55606/jurdikbud.v3i3.2655.

Hallaq, Wael B. An Introduction to Islamic Law. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2009. https://soerenkern.com/pdfs/islam/IntroductionToIslamicLaw.pdf.

Helland, Christopher. “Online Religion As Lived Religion. Methodological Issues In The Study Of Religious Participation On The Internet.” Heidelberg Journal of Religions on the Internet Vol. 1, no. 1 (2005): 16.

Hoover, S M, and L S Clark. Practicing Religion in the Age of the Media: Explorations in Media, Religion, and Culture. Emersion: Emergent Village Resources for Communities of Faith Series. Columbia University Press, 2002. https://books.google.co.id/books?id=9aDg8Ih78QAC.

Jenkins, Henry. Convergence Culture: Where Old and New Media Collide. New York: New York University Press, 2006. https://doi.org/10.1177/0894439307306088.

K, Nafilah Sri Sagita. “Fenomena Tren ‘Cek Khodam’ Di TikTok Dan Kaitannya Dengan Kesehatan Mental.” Detik.Com, June 24, 2024. https://health.detik.com/berita-detikhealth/d-7405177/fenomena-tren-cek-khodam-di-tiktok-dan-kaitannya-dengan-kesehatan-mental.

Kamali, Mohammad Hashim. Shari’ah Law: An Introduction. Oxford: Oneworld Publications, 2008. https://data.islamic-banking.com/Books/PDF/20.pdf.

Kementerian Agama RI. Kementerian Agama RI, 2017, 2017.

Kementerian Kominfo. “PM KOMINFO Nomor 5 Tahun 2020 Tentang Penyelenggara Sistem Elektronik Lingkup Privat.” Jakarta: Kementerian Komunikasi Dan Informatika Republik Indonesia, no. 1376 (2020).

Lessig, Lawrence. Code and Other Laws of Cyberspace. New York: Basic Books, 2006.

Livingstone, Sonia. “Internet Literacy: Young People’s Negotiation of New Online Opportunities.” Matrizes 4, no. 2 (2011): 11. https://doi.org/10.11606/issn.1982-8160.v4i2p11-42.

Mika, Almughni, Farichatul Fauziyah, Universitas Islam, Negeri Sunan, and Ampel Surabaya. “Confronting Misinformation: TikTok Community Response to Fake Hadith in #8junimuhammadwafat and Verification Efforts on Social Media.” Afkaruna: International Journal of Islamic Studies 2, no. 2 (2025): 169–85. https://doi.org/10.38073/aijis.v2i2.2339.

Miller, Chris. “How Modern Witches Enchant TikTok : Intersections of Digital, Consumer, and Material Culture(s) on # WitchTok.” Religions 13, no. 2 (2022): 1–22. https://doi.org/10.3390/rel13020118.

Moeljatno. KUHP (Kitab Undang-Undang Hukum Pidana). Bumi Aksara, 2021. https://books.google.co.id/books?id=_TZCEAAAQBAJ.

Olii, Angga S. “Tren Cek Khodam Di TikTok, Hiburan Atau Misteri?” Rri.Co.Ic, July 1, 2024. https://www.rri.co.id/hiburan/798953/tren-cek-khodam-di-tiktok-hiburan-atau-misteri.

Pandu Wirayuda, Abidin, Ahmad Fahrezi, Dayintasya Ratih Pasama, Meilisa Ani Nurhayati, and Aditia Muhammad Noor. “Islam Dan Tantangan Dalam Era Digital: Mengembangkan Koneksi Spiritual Dalam Dunia Maya.” Al-Aufa : Jurnal Pendidikan Dan Kajian Keislaman 05, no. 01 (2023): 1–27.

Pratama, Rizki Baiquni. “Geliat Bisnis Cek Khodam Di TikTok, Mengapa Masih Ada Orang-Orang Yang Percaya?” Kumparan, June 26, 2024. https://kumparan.com/kumparannews/geliat-bisnis-cek-khodam-di-tiktok-mengapa-masih-ada-orang-orang-yang-percaya-230pPzgYjFF/full.

Rostanti, Qommarria. “Cek Khodam Di TikTok Viral, Tren Gaib Yang Berujung Lelucon.” Republika, June 20, 2024. https://ameera.republika.co.id/berita/sfd3qj425/cek-khodam-di-tiktok-viral-tren-gaib-yang-berujung-lelucon.

Savitri, Devita. “Viral Fenomena Cek Khodam Online Di TikTok, Ini Kata Dosen UM Surabaya.” Detik.Com, June 24, 2024. https://www.detik.com/edu/edutainment/d-7406306/viral-fenomena-cek-khodam-online-di-tiktok-ini-kata-dosen-um-surabaya.

Sofiana, Sulvi. “Fenomena Cek Khodam Live Di TikTok, Antropolog Unair Sebut Hanya Hiburan, Jangan Jadi Acuan.” Tribunnews.Com, July 2, 2024. https://jatim.tribunnews.com/2024/07/02/fenomena-cek-khodam-live-di-tiktok-antropolog-unair-sebut-hanya-hiburan-jangan-jadi-acuan.

Suzor, Nicolas, and Rosalie Gillett. “Self-Regulation and Discretion BT - Digital Platform Regulation: Global Perspectives on Internet Governance.” edited by Terry Flew and Fiona R Martin, 259–79. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2022. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-95220-4_13.

“UU ITE Nomor 19 Tahun 2016.” In Undang-Undang Republik Indonesia, 2016.

Yasin, Rhaina Al, Raden Roro Kirani Annisa Anjani, Salwa Salsabil, Tania Rahmayanti, and Rizki Amalia. “Pengaruh Sosial Media Terhadap Kesehatan Mental Dan Fisik Remaja: A Systematic Review.” Jurnal Kesehatan Tambusai 3, no. 2 (2022): 83–90. https://doi.org/10.31004/jkt.v3i2.4402.